Geesa Theessen und Kerstin Urban
Aus den Veränderungen der Rahmenbedingungen der Landwirtschaft ergeben sich neue Anforderungen, aus denen die zukünftige Entwicklung und Verbreitung von IT in der Landwirtschaft abgeleitet werden kann.
In Bezug auf die Veränderung der Rahmenbedingungen der Landwirtschaft in Europa veröffentlichte die europäische Kommission im Jahr 2006 eine Szenarioanalyse „Scenar 2020“, in der 3 verschiedene Szenarien kreiert wurden ( Baseline Scenario, Regionalisation Scenario, Liberalisation Scenario ). On 1st Scenario it is assumed that there would be no change of direction in European policy. The other two scenarios, however, is a regionalization assumed or from a liberalization policy. The influencing factors can be divided into political influence ( agricultural policy, environmental policy, WTO) and the change of social environment ( population growth, economic development, consumer preferences, environmental conditions ). According to the European Commission, the population figures in the EU will largely remain constant. In the other areas of the social environment, the trends of past years will continue . Stop In the area of \u200b\u200bconsumer preferences, this means that demand will increase for high-quality products and greater security further, the demand for organically produced products is rising.
from the increased demand for food safety and numerous rules and regulations of the European Commission to ensure the traceability of food, a higher demand for information resulting from the production chain. In the field of organic products it is necessary that information production and processing are provided in order to gain the trust of consumers. So that the necessary information can be provided is an ongoing and detailed Data collection from producer to consumer need. to the absence of accurate data for each animal, the amount of information increases dramatically. This requires an automated data collection using sensor technology and image recognition.
required on the process level, the increasing farm size automation of production processes in order to relieve the farmer.
order the existing price pressure term, to be produced cheaply and efficiently. Therefore must be planned efficiently at the operating level, the use of available inputs, which is a new challenge for management that supports using appropriate software could be.
are widespread today, the individual animal identification, acreage index and agricultural mobile computers, the Internet is increasingly being used to obtain information and in e-government. Too much has already been developed in the field of automatic data collection (eg OPTISORT), automation has been in production processes (eg, milking robots) and software in support of management (MIS) is already much developed (Precision Farming), however, the penetration rates low.
What's missing is a network of systems so that data exchanges between systems is possible, for example, between the automatic data capture and automated production processes. To enable this, further work on a unified data format so that a smooth flow of data related to the food industry instead. and the unified data format so that the flow of information between the systems work and the farmer to the food industry.
line represents the non-existent systems interoperability an inhibiting factor in the spread of IT in agriculture dar. The acquisition of individual systems that are not compatible, is no great advantage dar. Add to this that much time invested in learning the technique be. Embedded technologies and Surface computing here in Zukunft Abhilfe schaffen. Eine weitere hemmende soziale Institution ist der Familienbetrieb, der verhindert, dass hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte eingestellt werden, die den Einzug neuer IT fördern würden. Denkbar wäre es allerdings, dass durch den Einzug von IT, beispielsweise automatischer Datenerfassung, das Vertrauen in Kooperationspartner steigt, da die asymmetrische Information reduziert wird. Dadurch könnten neue Kooperationen zwischen den Landwirten gefördert werden, was zu einem schnelleren Einzug neuer Technik führen könnte.
| | Prozess IT | IT + Person | Vernetzte IT |
| Prozess- ebene | Bsp.: Fütterungs- Eingebettete Technologien | GPS gesteuerte Fahrzeuge Surface Computing | Steigende Vernetzung |
| Betriebs- ebene | Embedded technologies | MIS Surface Computing | Increasing networking |
| party chain | Embedded technologies | Surface Computing | Increasing networking RFID chips |
| State | | | E-Government |
Fig.1 Existing systems in different areas and promoting factors
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